Solidified oil.



TED STATES CARLETON ELLIS. or monrcmm, new JERSEY. ASSIGNOR ro Ennis-roams 00M- I PANY, A CORPORATION or New p y Y SOLIDIFIED 01L.

No Drawing.

Specification of Letters Iatent. I Patented Oct, 2%, 191i, Application filed September 25, 1908. Serial No. 518,642.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that-I, CARLETON ELLIs, a citizen of the'United States, residing at Montclair, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in-Solidified Oil, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a composition of.

matter comprising essential oils solidified by saponaceous material and the object of the invention is to produce from essential oils such as ine oil, oil of cedar wood and the like, a so id compound containing a substantial quantityof the essential oil.

Pine oil obtained from the long-leaf pine or from other sources, is a desirable disinfectant, particularly when in a finely divided form, such as is effected by means of soap emulsions. It is then readily diluted with water or dilute soap solutions. It has not however, been put in a sufficiently solid form so that it can be handled readily, or so as to mingle .with water in a satisfactory way. In the form of an emulsion, it cannot be kept in containers indefinitely, as it separates from the aqueous emulsifier in the course of time.

It has been the object of this invention to produce a composition which would have its emulsifying material contained in such form as to produce a permanent mixture, and with the oil in a concentrated form, but

which, when mixed with water, would afl'ord ready emulsification.

It further has been the object of this invention to put the composition in the form of a solid material so that it may be cut or formed into any shape desired, which shape it would retain-even 1n the although subjected to it period of time, and to bring about the slow dissolution of the cake with the emulsification of the oil immediately it washes away from the cake and comes incontact with considerable water. For this urpose, I

presence of water,

have found stearic acid in the orm of its sodium or potassium soap to be an excellent solidifying agent, it being preferable to work with, very concentrated, solutions of the soap or to effect saponification itself within the oil in order to secure the thickening efi'ect referred to. 1

While it is possible to make a concentrated soap solution, drying out most of the surplus 'moisture, and dissolving the Soap for a considerable soap remains largely in the solution in the p1ne.o1l and in setting, causes the desired solidification and renders the pine oil capable of readily emulsifying with water. 1 lb. of naphthalene may be lncorporated in the above mixture. With more than 4 or 5 per cent. of the stearate, the composition is usually opaque, resembling soap in appearance when out into'cubes or bars. With lesser amounts of the stearate, the composition may be made-to solidify to a. clear transparent solid or jelly. With still smaller amounts, the composition may be liquid carrying gelatinous particles, which however, is not a satisfactory form, as it is too fluid for convenient handling. The oleate of potash or soda. is more soluble than the stearate and the potassium salts are more readily dissolved by pine oil than the sodium salts. For that reason, by-combining a mixture of sodium stearate and potassium oleate, excellent detergent pro erties are secured, and also certain desirable consistencies which give the material many useful applications. As an example, 1 part of oleic acid is (hesolved in 4 parts of pine oil, and to this mixture part of caustic'potash dissolved m part of water is added, stirring degrees C. Thereupon, a quantity of sodium stearate' or palmitate sufficient .to saturate vig-. I orously and preferably heating to 80 or 90v the hot solution-is added'and the mixture heated until the soap is dissolved. The

composition is then allowed to cool when it gelatinizes to a stiff jelly, clear and transparent. With this large proportion of soapy material, it may be used very satisfactorily as a detergent for such applications as require a powerful disinfectant, as for example, on board ship and instables, lavatories, urinals and the like. ,Inasmuch as the roper .gelatinization is rendered d mcult by the use of too much water, WhlCh tends to produce liquid compounds, I carefully regulate the proportion of water so that the requisite degree of gelatinization is secured. In order to increase the'solubility of sodium stearate, I may add a quantity of sulfonated oil, such as the'ordinary. concentrated commercially known soluble oil. For example, 1 part of mixed sodium stearate and oleate, thoroughly dry; 1% parts of sodium sulforicinoleate; and 20 parts of pine oil are heated until saturated with the soap, then filtered from any undissolved alkalis or other residue, and allowed to cool. When cold, it will be found jellied to a very clear, stiff jelly, which emulsifies readily with water. I may therefore, prepare soaps in which the ordinary water of the soap is replaced by pine oil.

Under the condition of operation,

replaced by the oil, thereby imparting the peculiar colloidal properties characteristic of the present invention. It suflices to say that the pine oil readily talies up soap which has been nearly freed from water to produce the solid compound mentioned. By the use, for example, of a large proportion of potassium oleate, a very solid soap with unusual detergent and dislnfecting properties is secured. The effect may be further enhanced by the addition of cresylic acid or similar I carbolic material or naphthalene or naphthol, waxes, etc.

The oil of cedar wood is very useful in its solidified form as herein prepared, as in this form it may be used as a moth insectifuge to good advantage. Being in a solid condition and therefore free from extraneous oil, it may be safely introduced into trunks or chests used for the storage of clothing, furs, and the like. Unlike camphor or naphthalene, the two substanpes the water of hydration of the soap seemingly is commonly used for this purpose, there is no residual odor adhering to clothing after its removal from storage under such conditions.

A suitable composition comprising oil of cedar wood is made by heating twenty parts of the oil with one part of sodium stearate vto 120 degrees C. andcasting the product into molds. Another composition is made by similarly heating forty-five parts of oil of cedar wood, five parts oil of camphor, one part sodium stearate, two parts potassium oleate and two parts sodium sulforicinoleate. Camphor, naphthalene, naphthol and similar insectif'ugal material may be added if desired, also waxes, such as paraflin or ceresin wax.

Having described my invention, to the details of which I do not wish to limit myself, what I claim is:

1. An anhydrous, gelatinous composition,

comprising soap and at least an equal quantity of an essential oil. 5

2. A substantially anhydrous, gelatinous solid composition, comprising soap and at least an equal quantity of an essential oil.

3. A substantially anhydrous, gelatinous solid composition, comprising soap and a quantity of an essential oil in excess of the amount of soap.

4. A substantially anhydrous, gelatinous solid composition of a non-fluent character, comprising soap and a quantity of essential oil in excess of the amount of soap.

In testimony whereof, I have afiixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

NATHANIEL L. Fos'rnn. JAMES T. ERNOTT. 

